Reimagining the Future of Energy: Liz Muller’s Bold Blueprint for Nuclear Innovation

In a world increasingly defined by bold ideas and urgent action, few leaders stand out like Liz Muller. As the featured guest on the latest episode of The Future of Nuclear podcast, Liz brings her vision, conviction, and action-first mindset to a conversation that’s as inspiring as it is important.

Muller, the CEO and Co-Founder of Deep Fission, isn’t following in anyone’s footsteps—she’s carving a new path entirely. With a unique background in mathematics, mechanics, and global policy—not reactor physics or traditional nuclear operations—Liz approaches energy challenges with an outsider’s clarity and a changemaker’s urgency. And the results speak for themselves.

From launching Deep Isolation, a venture that transformed the global conversation around nuclear waste disposal, to now heading Deep Fission—a company working to install small modular nuclear reactors a mile underground—Liz’s work is reshaping what’s possible in clean energy. Her story isn’t just about technological disruption. It’s about leadership, courage, and a refusal to accept the status quo.

From Policy Circles to Deep Boreholes

Liz’s journey into nuclear energy began not in a lab, but in the world of climate policy. While working with the OECD, she quickly recognized that many global sustainability goals would remain out of reach without a meaningful shift in how the world produces and stores energy.

So, she did what true innovators do: she created a solution.

That solution was Deep Isolation—a company that applies oil and gas drilling technologies to isolate nuclear waste in deep boreholes. It was an elegant answer to a longstanding problem, and one that propelled Liz into the spotlight as a disruptor in the nuclear space.

But she didn’t stop there.

With Deep Fission, Liz is now pushing the boundary even further. The company’s groundbreaking concept of deploying 15 MW reactors a mile underground removes many of the safety, regulatory, and financial barriers that have historically slowed nuclear energy expansion.

As she explains in the podcast, “We’re not just reducing cost—we’re changing the paradigm.”

The Power of Underground Thinking

What makes Deep Fission so compelling is the simplicity of its logic and the elegance of its engineering.

Instead of building massive above-ground facilities that take a decade or more to complete, Deep Fission is leveraging the natural containment and pressure of underground environments to house reactors. The model offers a host of benefits: enhanced safety, reduced surface footprint, faster permitting, and significantly lower capital investment.

But beyond the technical aspects, Liz’s vision represents something bigger—a reimagination of how we deliver power in a rapidly changing world. She sees a future where nuclear energy isn’t just safe and reliable—it’s nimble, scalable, and ready to meet the needs of both developed and developing nations.

Empowering Teams with AI and Purpose

Throughout her conversation with host Phil Zeringue, Vice President of Strategic Partnerships at Nuclearn, Liz talks not only about the “what” of her work, but the “how.” And that “how” centers around culture.

Her approach to building high-performing teams is grounded in two core values: innovation and empowerment. Liz surrounds herself with what Phil calls “A-players”—people who are deeply mission-driven and unafraid to challenge old assumptions. And in Liz’s world, AI is more than a buzzword; it’s embedded into every layer of the organization.

“We’ve made AI part of how we work and how we think,” Liz says. With a Chief AI Officer on the leadership team and a commitment to AI-native design thinking, Deep Fission is moving faster and more intelligently than many of its peers.

It’s this intersection of talent, tech, and tenacity that makes Deep Fission one of the most promising ventures in the energy sector today.

Leading with Authenticity—and Humor

Despite tackling some of the world’s toughest challenges, Liz brings humor and humility to the table. She jokes about having the “deepest” conversations in nuclear, makes light of AI-generated bios that list her as a rock collector with samples from every continent, and laughs off hallucinations that claim she’s a TED Talk regular.

But beneath the levity is a deeply serious commitment to solving real problems. “If you’re going to be responsible, you need to have a solution for the waste. If you want nuclear to scale, you have to solve the cost issue. These aren’t optional,” she says.

This blend of accessibility and accountability makes Liz not only a compelling founder but also a leader other leaders want to follow.

A Call to Action for the Next Generation

As the interview draws to a close, Liz delivers what may be the most important message of all: an invitation to build.

“There’s so much that can still be done,” she says. “If you’re driven, if you’re passionate, come build with us.”

It’s a powerful call—not just to engineers and scientists, but to regulators, policymakers, students, and climate advocates. In Liz’s world, everyone has a role to play. The only thing not allowed is sitting on the sidelines.

The Nuclearn Perspective

At Nuclearn, we’re proud to highlight leaders like Liz Muller—people who aren’t just talking about the future of energy, but creating it. The future of nuclear power depends on bold thinkers and action-oriented entrepreneurs, and Liz exemplifies both.

She’s proving that nuclear can be faster, safer, and smarter. That AI can be part of the solution. And that with the right leadership, even the most entrenched systems can evolve.

If you care about energy, innovation, or simply want to be inspired by what’s possible when smart people tackle hard problems, this is a conversation you won’t want to miss.


🎧 Ready to hear more?
Visit nuclearn.ai and check out The Future of Nuclear podcast featuring Liz Muller.
Listen for yourself—and discover how the future of clean energy is being built, one borehole at a time.

The Future of AI and Nuclear: Lessons from SXSW

In a world where energy demand is skyrocketing and artificial intelligence (AI) is evolving at an unprecedented pace, the intersection of these two industries has never been more critical. At SXSW, industry leaders from Microsoft, Constellation, and Nuclearn came together to discuss the role AI will play in nuclear energy, its challenges, and the opportunities that lie ahead. Here’s what we learned.


1. AI is Moving Faster than Utilities Have Ever Experienced

Phil Zeringue kicked off the session by addressing one of the most pressing issues: the speed of AI adoption versus the traditionally slow-moving utility industry.

“AI is moving incredibly fast—a whole lot faster than the utility industry has ever experienced anything moving before,” he explained. “Imagine a technology gets commercialized, iterated on, and mass adopted, all within a single budget cycle of a utility.”

This speed of change creates both opportunity and tension. AI promises efficiency and automation, but utilities, bound by regulatory frameworks and long-term planning, struggle to keep up. The challenge now is to bridge this gap without compromising safety and reliability.


2. The Urgency for Utilities to Adapt

Microsoft’s Archie Manoharan emphasized that utilities must embrace collaboration to navigate this shift successfully. “Utilities can rise up to the challenge, but it takes collaboration. We need discussions like these between utilities, hyperscalers, and regulators to move the industry forward.”

The traditional risk-averse culture of utilities must evolve to accommodate AI-driven innovation. Strategic partnerships with technology firms will be crucial in ensuring AI adoption aligns with operational and regulatory requirements.


3. AI is Making Nuclear Power More Affordable and Efficient

One of the biggest barriers to nuclear energy expansion has always been cost. Nuclearn’s CEO, Brad Fox, discussed how AI is driving efficiencies across the nuclear sector, particularly in plant maintenance and operations.

“If you can optimize maintenance cycles, you can get work done faster with the same amount of people, which ultimately makes the plants safer,” Fox noted.

By using AI to analyze vast amounts of operational data, nuclear plants can reduce downtime, improve predictive maintenance, and optimize resource allocation, making nuclear energy more cost-competitive.


4. Human Oversight in AI Applications is Non-Negotiable

While AI offers enormous benefits, it also raises concerns about safety and control, particularly in a high-stakes industry like nuclear power. Brad Fox reassured the audience that AI would never fully replace human oversight.

“A control room operator will always be the one that throws the switch, and they will always hold the liability per their license.”

AI will function as an intelligent assistant rather than an autonomous decision-maker. The industry remains committed to maintaining strict human oversight in all critical operations.


5. “Let the Engineers Engineer” – Reducing Administrative Burdens

One of AI’s most immediate impacts is freeing engineers from tedious administrative tasks, allowing them to focus on higher-value work. Constellation’s Drew Griffiths, who transitioned from plant manager to digital strategy lead, shared a recurring sentiment he has heard from his colleagues:

“Give me something to let the engineers engineer. Get them out of administrative tasks so they can focus on real problem-solving.”

Through automation and AI-powered data processing, nuclear professionals can redirect their expertise toward innovation rather than bureaucratic tasks.


6. AI Will Not Replace Jobs – It Will Change Them

Despite concerns that AI could replace human jobs, the panelists agreed that AI would transform roles rather than eliminate them.

“You’re never going to have just broad swaths of our business go away,” Griffiths said. “AI will change what we do, but it won’t replace the need for human expertise.”

As AI takes over repetitive tasks, nuclear engineers and technicians will shift toward more analytical and strategic roles, ultimately enhancing job satisfaction and productivity.


7. Trust and Verification are Essential for AI Adoption

The nuclear industry operates on a fundamental principle: trust but verify. AI adoption must follow the same rigor. Every AI-driven insight and recommendation will undergo human verification before implementation.

“In nuclear, we live by ‘trust but verify.’ Every decision needs a second-party check, and AI-driven insights will be no different,” Fox explained.

This approach ensures AI enhances safety and decision-making without introducing new risks.


8. Nuclear is the Most Reliable Energy Source for an AI-Powered Future

With AI adoption accelerating, global energy demand is surging. Data centers alone are expected to consume 7% of global electricity by 2030, making energy reliability a top concern. Nuclear power, with its ability to provide large-scale, uninterrupted electricity, is a natural fit.

“If you care about keeping carbon emissions down, the answer is nuclear,” Fox stated. “Data centers will demand entire gigawatts of power, and nuclear is the only viable long-term solution.”

Renewables alone cannot meet this demand due to intermittency issues. Nuclear provides the stability and scale needed for an AI-driven world.


9. AI Can Speed Up Licensing and Regulatory Approvals

Regulatory hurdles remain one of the biggest bottlenecks in nuclear energy expansion. Microsoft’s Manoharan highlighted how AI could streamline these processes, making nuclear projects faster and more cost-effective.

“We’re working on AI tools for licensing. Imagine reducing licensing applications from months to weeks. That’s the kind of efficiency AI can bring.”

By automating compliance documentation and improving regulatory review processes, AI has the potential to accelerate the deployment of new nuclear technologies.


10. The Future of Nuclear and AI is Bright

Despite the challenges, the panelists expressed optimism about nuclear’s role in powering the AI-driven future. Griffiths noted that global electricity demand is set to double by 2030, and nuclear will be a key player in meeting that demand.

“We’re going to continue to use more power. The demand is doubling, and we just have to be ready to meet it.”

By integrating AI-driven efficiencies, nuclear energy can become more affordable, scalable, and accessible, positioning itself as the backbone of the digital economy.


Final Thoughts

The SXSW panel underscored that AI and nuclear power are not just complementary—they are essential to each other’s future. AI will make nuclear power safer, more efficient, and more cost-effective, while nuclear will provide the stable, carbon-free energy required to sustain AI’s explosive growth.

With strategic partnerships, human oversight, and a commitment to innovation, the nuclear industry is poised to thrive in an AI-powered world. As Zeringue put it, “This is the beginning of a transformative era for energy and technology—one where AI and nuclear power will shape the future together.”